Voltage Regulator

Voltage Regulator

The electrical voltage is not uniform: it sometimes fluctuates more or less, thus creating situations of overvoltage or undervoltage. However, these variations can be harmful to your electrical equipment. The voltage regulator is a solution to protect them.

The voltage regulator can be positive, negative or adjustable in nature. The choice depends on the type of use planned for this type of component. It can also be a switching regulator, allowing current to be diverted from one part of the circuit to another. The positive voltage regulator can withstand more or less current power. In the case of an adjustable voltage regulator, the regulation range is defined by the manufacturer. By referring to the product description or instructions, it is easy to determine the power limits not to be exceeded.

Electrical voltage is the potential difference between two points in an electrical circuit. It happens that the electrical voltage varies: it is a brief phenomenon, which does not stop the operation of devices connected to the mains. We can sometimes identify the problem thanks to the lighting, which will seem stronger or weaker at times. It can also happen that a drop in voltage is likened to a micro power cut. Conversely, there may be moments of overvoltage, during which your equipment under voltage, i.e. connected to the mains, receives a higher voltage than normal. Whether they come from your devices themselves or from an external phenomenon (lightning for example or a voltage fluctuation on the network), these voltage variations can in the long run prove harmful to the proper functioning of electrical devices. . To protect your equipment, it may be necessary to install a voltage regulator, also called a voltage stabilizer.

The different voltage regulators

A voltage regulator is a small device that takes care of episodes of undervoltage or overvoltage. It will intervene to automatically correct the electrical voltage. A voltage regulator can be a set of classic components (with resistors, zener diodes, transistors for example), but there are also so-called “integrated” regulators which contain everything you need in a single box, for a easier to use.

We can find :

  • Switching voltage regulator: this is a regulator mainly intended for professionals. It stands out for its smaller size and high yield, between 60 and 90%.
  • The linear regulator: its operation is based on an active component working in its linear zone or on a passive component (for example a zener diode) which works in its reverse zone. It can be found commercially in an integrated form, with three pins. It is used by connecting one pin to ground, another to the supply voltage in order to obtain a regulated electrical voltage at the output.

A distinction will also be made between so-called fixed regulators, which are designed to provide a continuous voltage of a given value that cannot be modified, and adjustable or programmable regulators. The latter are capable of supplying a voltage whose value can be chosen by playing on the third leg.

How much power for a voltage regulator

The power of a voltage regulator is related to the devices that will be connected to it. In addition, in the event of a power outage, its power determines how long the device can be powered by the battery. This power is measured in volts amperes (VA) or kilo volts amperes (kVA): it corresponds to the power consumed by the connected device, which is multiplied by 1.6.

The installation of a voltage regulator can be useful for individuals to protect their electrical equipment as well as for professionals who use specific equipment that requires a stable voltage for optimal operation.

Domains:

  • telecommunications,
  • renewable energies,
  • industry,
  • hospitals,
  • food processing & bottling,
  • oil & gas,
  • public buildings,
  • small businesses & private houses,
  • voltage optimization

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